Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 303-309Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn203572n
Keywords
silicon; germanium; nanotubes; anode; lithium ion batteries
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [K20704000003TA050000310]
- Global Research Laboratory (GRL) by Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST)
- WCU (World Class University) through the National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31-10092]
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Problems related to tremendous volume changes associated with cycling and the low electron conductivity and ion diffusivity of Si represent major obstacles to Its use in high-capacity anodes for lithium ion batteries. We have developed a group IVA based nanotube heterostructure array, consisting of a high-capacity Si Inner layer and a highly conductive Ge outer layer, to yield both favorable mechanics and kinetics in battery applications. This type of Si/Ge double-layered nanotube array electrode Milks improved electrochemical performances over the analogous homogeneous Si system, including stable capacity retention (85% after 50 cycles) and doubled capacity at a 3C rate. These result stem from reduced maximum hoop strain In the nanotubes, supported by theoretical mechanics modeling, and lowered activation energy barrier for Li diffusion. This electrode technology creates opportunities in the development of group IVA nanotube heterostructures for next generation lithium Ion batteries.
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