Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 5, Issue 8, Pages 6417-6424Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn201601m
Keywords
graphene hydrogenation; graphene oxidation; nanoscale lithography; atomic force microscope; Raman spectroscopy
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Funding
- Ministry of Education. Science and Technology (MEST) [KRF-2008-314-000111]
- National Research Laboratory (NRL) [2008-0060004]
- World Class University (WCU) Program [R31-2008-000-10057-0]
- Quantum Metamaterials Research Center [R11-2008-053-03002-0]
- Nano RD program [2008-2003670]
- Midcareer Researcher Program [2011-0017605]
- Seoul Scholarship Foundation
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2008-0060004] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Monolayer graphene is one of the most interesting materials applicable to next-generation electronic devices due to Its transport properties. However, realization of graphene devices requires suitable nanoscale lithography as well as a method:to open a band gap in monolayer graphene. Nanoscale hydrogenation and oxidation are promising methods to open an energy band, gap by modification of surface structures and to fabricate nanostructures such as graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). Until now It has been difficult to fabricate nanoscale devices' consisting of both hydrogenated and oxidized graphene because the hydrogenation of graphene requires a complicated process composed of large-scale chemical modification, nanoscale patterning, and etching. We report on nanoscale hydrogenation and oxidation of graphene under normal atmospheric conditions and at room temperature without etching, wet process, or even any gas treatment by controlling just an external bias through atomic force Microscope lithography. Both the lithographically defined nanoscale hydrogenation and oxidation have been confirmed by micro-Raman spectroscopy measurements. Patterned hydrogenated. and oxidized graphene show insulating behaviors, and their friction values are several times larger than those of graphene. These differences can be used for fabricating electronic or electromechanical devices based on graphene.
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