Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 173-182Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn102274q
Keywords
cancer; metastasis; prognosis; optical; biopsy; perfluorocarbon
Categories
Funding
- NIH [R01 EB008111, R01 EB008458, R01 EB000712, R01 EB008085, R01 CA134539, U54 CA136398, R01 EB010049, 5P60 DK02057933]
- Microphotoacoustics, Inc.
- Endra, Inc.
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA134539, U54CA136398] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [R01EB008111, R01EB008458, R01EB000712, R01EB008085, R01EB010049] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The contrast mechanisms used for photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and fluorescence imaging differ in subtle, but significant ways. The design of contrast agents for each or both modalities requires an understanding of the spectral characteristics as well as intra- and intermolecular interactions that occur during formulation: We found that fluorescence quenching that occurs in the formulation of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes in nanoparticles results in enhanced contrast for PAT. The ability of the new PAT method to utilize strongly absorbing chromophores for signal generation allowed us to convert a highly fluorescent dye into an exceptionally high PA contrast material Spectroscopic characterization of the developed NIR dye-loaded perfluorocarbon-based nanoparticles for combined fluorescence and PA imaging revealed distinct dye-dependent photophysical behavior. We demonstrate that the enhanced contrast allows detection of regional lymph nodes of rats in vivo with time domain optical and photoacoustic imaging methods. The results further Show that the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging, which is less dependent on fluorescence intensity, provides a strategic approach to bridge the disparate contrast reporting mechanisms of fluorescence and PA imaging methods.
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