Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 189-198Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn9012884
Keywords
mesostructure; phenol formaldehyde resin; self-assembly; mesoporous materials; thin film
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [CBET-0746664]
- NSF of China
- NSERC Canada
- NIST-NRC
- NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH1 1357]
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Mesoporous phenol formaldehyde (PF) polymer resin and carbon films are prepared by a solution self-assembly of PF oligomers with amphiphilic triblock copolymers. After thermopolymerization of the PF to cross-link the network, the films show an ordered morphology as determined by X-ray diffraction and,grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Our results show that the amphiphilic triblock copolymer template greatly influences the stability of the final porous mescistructures. The pyrolysis of the two-dimensional (2-D) hexagonal, films with p6mm symmetry templated by Pluronic F127 yields a disordered porous structure following the template removal. Conversely, films templated by Pluronic P123 can exhibit well-ordered cylindrical pores after the template removal, but the solution composition range to yield ordered cylindrical mesopores is significantly reduced (nearly 70%) for thin films in comparison to bulk powders. We propose two dominant difficulties in fabricating well-ordered cylindrical mesopores In films: first, the stress from contraction during the pyrolysis can lead to a collapse of the mescistructure if the wall thickness is insufficient, and second, the surface wetting behavior in thin films leads to a small compositional range.
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