Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 39, Pages 33010-33021Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11061
Keywords
redox; copper carrier; dithiodipyridine; oxidative stress; apoptosis; cancer cells
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21572093, 21778028, 31670767]
- Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province [18JR3RA296]
- Lanzhou University (the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities) [lzujbky-2017-ot02, lzujbky-2017-sp06, lzujbky-2018-39]
- Dalian University of Technology (the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities) [DUT17JC36, DUT17RC (4) 27]
- 111 project
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Transportation of exogenous copper ions into cancer cells by copper carriers has gained increasing interest for cancer chemotherapy. We disclosed herein a redox-dependent copper carrier, 2,2'-dithiodipyridine (DPy), which 1 binds copper ions and carries the cargo into cells. The cellular reducing environment cleaved the disulfide bond in DPy to facilitate unloading copper ions. The elevated copper level then elicits oxidative stress and subsequently promotes the reformation of DPy. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the DPy/copper combination predominantly targets the cellular redox-regulating systems, including the thioredoxin system and the glutathione system, to induce the oxidative stress-mediated death of tumor cells. The discovery of DPy as a cleavable and recyclable copper shuttle provides a proof of concept for designing novel biomaterials for copper transportation as potential anticancer agents.
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