Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 6, Issue 13, Pages 10429-10435Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am501920z
Keywords
water/alcohol soluble; cathode interlayer; inverted polymer solar cells; interfacial doping; hybrid interlayer
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology [2014CB643501]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [21125419, 51361165301]
- Guangdong Natural Science Foundation [S2012030006232]
- Hong Kong ITC [ITS/354/12]
- Hong Kong RGC [N_HKUST623/13]
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A cross-linkable water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymer (WSCP) material poly[9,9-bis(6'-(N,N-diethylamino)propyl)-fluorene-alt-9,9-bis(3-ethyl(oxetane-3-ethyloxy)-hexyl) fluorene] (wPFN-OX) was designed. The cross-linkable nature of PFN-OX is good for fabricating inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) with well-defined interface and investigating the detailed working mechanism of high-efficiency inverted PSCs based on poly[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxyl)benzo [1,2-b: 4,5-b']dithio-phene-2,6-diyl-alt-ethylhexy1-3-fluorothithieno[3,4-b] thiophene-2-carboxylate-4,6-diyl] (PTB7) and (6,6)-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blend active layer. The detailed working mechanism of WSCP materials in high-efficiency PSCs were studied and can be summarized into the following three effects: a) PFN-OX tunes cathode work function to enhance open-circuit voltage (Voc); b) PFN-OX dopes PC71BM at interface to facilitate electron extraction; and c) PFN-OX extracts electrons and blocks holes to enhance fill factor (FF). On the basis of this understanding, the hole-blocking function of the PFN-OX interlayer was further improved with addition of a ZnO layer between ITO and PFN-OX, which led to inverted PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 9.28% and fill factor high up to 74.4%.
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