Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 6, Issue 12, Pages 9111-9117Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am501072j
Keywords
1D nanostructure; mixed-polyanion material; Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4); intermediate phase; sodium ion battery
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21001036, 50902041]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HEUCF201310011]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Heilongjiang Provincial University [1253-NCET-012]
- Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province [QC2013C008]
- Technological Innovation Team Construction in Universities of Heilongjiang [2011TD010]
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Tailoring materials into nanostructure offers unprecedented opportunities in the utilization of their functional properties. High-purity Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) with 1D nanostructure is prepared as a cathode material for rechargeable Na-ion batteries. An efficient synthetic approach is developed by carefully controlling the crystal growth in the molten sodium phosphate. Based on the XRD, XPS, TG, and morphological characterization, a molten-salt assisted mechanism for nanoarchitecture formation is revealed. The prepared Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) nanorod has rectangle sides and preferential [001] growth orientation. GITT evaluation indicates that the sodium de/intercalation of Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) nanorod involves V3+/V4+ redox reaction and Na5V43.5+(P2O7)(4)(PO4) as intermediate phase, which results in two pairs of potential plateaus at the equilibrium potentials of 3.8713 V (V3+/V3.5+) and 3.8879 V (V3.5+/V4+), respectively. The unique nanoarchitecture of the phase-pure Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) facilitates its reversible sodium de/intercalation, which is beneficial to the high-rate capability and the cycling stability. The Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) cathode delivers 80% of the capacity (obtained at C/20) at the 10 C rate and 95% of the initial capacity after 200 cycles. Therefore, it is feasible to design and fabricate an advanced rechargeable sodium-ion battery by employment of 1D nanostructured Na7V4(P2O7)(4)(PO4) as the cathode material.
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