Novel Pb2+ Ion Imprinted Polymers Based on Ionic Interaction via Synergy of Dual Functional Monomers for Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of Pb2+ in Water Samples

A novel kind of Pb2+ ion imprinted polymers (IIPs) was prepared based on ionic interactions via the synergy of dual functional monomers of methacrylic acid and vinyl pyridine for selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) of Pb2+ in water samples. Suspension polymerization was employed for the formation of template Pb2+/monomer complex by self-assembly in the presence of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate cross-linker. The resulted Pb2+ IIPs showed fast kinetics, high binding capacity, and the adsorption processes obeyed intraparticle diffusion kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. The IIPs displayed excellent selectivity toward Pb2+ over other metal ions such as Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+ with selective coefficients above 30, as well as high anti-interference ability for Pb2+ confronting with common coexisting various ions. Through 10 adsorption desorption.cycles, the reusable IIPs exhibited a good recoverability with the standard error within 5%. These features suggested the IIPs were ideal candidates for extraction and removal of Pb2+ ions. Consequently, the IIPs were utilized as SPE sorbents and related parameters were optimized. An excellent linearity was presented in the range of 0.2-50 mu g L-1 (R-2 = 0.9998), as well as the limits of detection and quantification were achieved of 0.06 and 0.19 mu g L-1 respectively. A good repeatability was obtained with the relative standard deviation of 2.8%. Furthermore, real water samples were successfully analyzed and satisfactory recoveries varying from 95.5 to 104.6% were attained. The IIPs-SPE demonstrated potential application perspectives for rapid and high-effective cleanup and enrichment of trace Pb2+ ions in complicated matrices.