Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 340-348Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am404389g
Keywords
upconversion; photocatalysis; TiO2; core-shell structure; NaYF4
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [20901040/B0111]
- Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province [10KJA430016]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
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Double-shell-structured beta-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/Er3+@SiO2@TiO2 upconversion photocatalysts have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. It is found that the double-shell-structured photocatalyst consists of uniform beta-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/Er3+ nanocrystals, SiO2 as the media shell, and anatase TiO2 nanocrystals exposed with the high-reactive {001} facets as the outer shell. The TiO2 shell is modified to absorb both the UV and visible light in order to make sufficient use of the upconverted light from beta-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/Er3+ for photocatalysis. Effective energy transfer from beta-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/Er3+ to TiO2 and its importance are confirmed.. The photocatalytic activity in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under the near-infrared (NIR) (980 nm laser) irradiation suggests that the NIR-driven photocatalytic activity of the double-shell-structured photocatalyst is significantly dependent on the properties of the upconversion materials and the irradiated NIR power density. Moreover, the NIR-driven photocatalyst shows stable photocatalytic degradation of RhB in the recycled tests. This study suggests a promising system and a new insight to understand the application of appropriate upconversion materials to effectively utilize the NIR for photocatalytic applications of TiO2-based photocatalysts, which may advance the application of solar energy in the future.
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