Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 5, Issue 22, Pages 11509-11514Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am403805j
Keywords
polymer light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC); organic electronics; electrochemical doping; conjugated polymers; secondary ion mass spectrometry
Funding
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1057209]
- Washington NASA Space Grant Consortium Research Award
- Western Washington University
- Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
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Organic semiconductors have the unique ability to conduct both ionic and electronic charge carriers in thin films, an emerging advantage in applications such as light. emitting devices, transistors, and electrochromic devices, among others. Evidence suggests that the profiles of ions and electrochemical doping in the polymer film during operation significantly impact the performance and stability of the device. However, few studies have directly characterized ion profiles within LECs. Here, we present an in-depth study of the profiles of ion distributions in LECs following application of voltage, via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Ion distributions were characterized with regard to film thickness, salt concentration, applied voltage, and relaxation over time. Results provide insight into the correlation between ion profiles and device performance, as well as potential approaches to tuning the electrochemical doping processes in LECs.
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