Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 1043-1049Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am2016766
Keywords
nanopaper; cellulose nanofibers; orientation; cold drawing; nanocomposites; nanofibrillated cellulose
Funding
- Formas in the Carbomat center at KTH
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20246100] Funding Source: KAKEN
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To exploit the mechanical potential of native cellulose fibrils, we report on the preparation of nanopaper with preferred orientation of nanofibrillated cellulose (TEMPO-NFC) by cold drawing. The preparation route is papermaking-like and includes vacuum filtering of a TEMPO-oxidated NFC water dispersion, drawing in wet state and drying. The orientation of the fibrils in the nanopaper was assessed by AFM and wide-angle Xray diffraction analysis, and the effect on mechanical properties of the resulting nanopaper structure was investigated by tensile tests. At high. draw ratio, the degree of orientation is as high as 82 and 89% in and cross-sectional planes of the nanopaper, respectively, and the Young's modulus is 33 GPa. This is much higher than mechanical properties of isotropic nanopaper. The cold drawing method can be also applied to NFC nanocomposites as demonstrated, by preparation of TEMPO-NFC/hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) nanocomposites. The introduction of the soft HEC matrix allows further tailoring of the mechanical properties.
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