Journal
FUTURE NEUROLOGY
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 459-480Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/FNL.11.27
Keywords
brain development; cannabinoid receptor; cannabis; cortex; endocannabinoids; THC
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Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [R21 HD065561-01, R21 HD065561] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [R21 DA029381-01, R21 DA029381] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS048884, R01 NS048884-05A2] Funding Source: Medline
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Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance among pregnant women. Human epidemiological and animal studies have found that prenatal cannabis exposure influences brain development and can have long-lasting impacts on cognitive functions. Exploration of the therapeutic potential of cannabis-based medicines and synthetic cannabinoid compounds has given us much insight into the physiological roles of endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) and their receptors. In this article, we examine human longitudinal cohort studies that document the long-term influence of prenatal exposure to cannabis, followed by an overview of the molecular composition of the endocannabinoid system and the temporal and spatial changes in their expression during brain development. How endocannabinoid signaling modulates fundamental developmental processes such as cell proliferation, neurogenesis, migration and axonal pathfinding are also summarized.
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