Journal
JOURNAL OF ANXIETY DISORDERS
Volume 25, Issue 6, Pages 849-854Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.04.007
Keywords
Posttraumatic stress disorder; Emotional trauma; Latent variable modeling; Factor analysis
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We present an update of recent literature (since 2007) exploring the factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom measures. Research supporting a four-factor emotional numbing model and a four-factor dysphoria model is presented, with these models fitting better than all other models examined. Variables accounting for factor structure differences are reviewed, including PTSD query instructions, type of PTSD measure, extent of trauma exposure, ethnicity, and timing of administration. Methodological and statistical limitations with recent studies are presented. Finally, a research agenda and recommendations are offered to push this research area forward, including suggestions to validate PTSD's factors against external measures of psychopathology, test moderators of factor structure, and examine heterogeneity of symptom presentations based on factor structure examination.
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