Journal
AAPS PHARMSCITECH
Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 722-730Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0095-x
Keywords
cationic lipid; cationic niosomes; gene carrier; gene transfection; nonionic surfactant vesicles; spermine derivatives
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Funding
- Commission of Higher Education (Thailand)
- Thailand Research Funds through the Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program [PHD/0092/2551, PHD/0217/2552]
- Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education
- Thailand Research Fund [RMU5480003]
- Silpakorn University Research and Development Institute [SURDI 57/01/24]
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In the present study, nonionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) formulated with Span 20, cholesterol, and novel synthesized spermine-based cationic lipids with four hydrocarbon tails in a molar ratio of 2.5:2.5:1 were investigated as a gene carrier. The effects of the structure of the cationic lipids, such as differences in the acyl chain length (C14, C16, and C18) of the hydrophobic tails, as well as the weight ratio of niosomes to DNA on transfection efficiency and cell viability were evaluated in a human cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa cells) using pDNA encoding green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-C2). The niosomes were characterized both in terms of morphology and of size and charge measurement. The formation of complexes between niosomes and DNA was verified with a gel retardation assay. The transfection efficiency of these cationic niosomes was in the following order: spermine-C18 > spermine-C16 > spermine-C14. The highest transfection efficiency was obtained for transfection with spermine-C18 niosomes at a weight ratio of 10. Additionally, no serum effect on transfection efficiency was observed. The results from a cytotoxicity and hemolytic study showed that the cationic niosomes were safe in vitro. In addition, the cationic niosomes showed good physical stability for at least 1 month at 4A degrees C. Therefore, the cationic niosomes offer an excellent prospect as an alternative gene carrier.
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