Journal
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
Volume 444, Issue -, Pages 22-33Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.05.022
Keywords
Ketonization; Carboxylic acid; Ce-Fe mixed oxide; Redox cycle
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1663222]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB720500]
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The conversion of carboxylic acid through ketonization process reduces O-atoms and increases C-C bonds, which can provide attractive routes for upgrading biomass feedstocks into biofuels. The key factors influencing the surface ketonization activity over CeO2-based oxides catalysts remain matters of active discourse. Here, a series of Ce1-xFexO2-delta catalysts were investigated for vapor-phase ketonization of acetic and propionic acid. The catalysts were characterized in detail using various physico-chemical techniques both before and after reaction to gain understanding of the ketonization process. The turnover frequency (TOF) based on the basic sites changed with the Fe content. The Ce0.8Fe0.2O2-(delta) sample showed the prominent ketonization activity with the highest TOF value. On one hand, for samples with a lower Fe addition (x < 0.3), the formed CeO2-like solid solution with numerous Ce-O-Fe species showed a dramatic increase in surface oxygen vacancies. These oxygen vacancies were beneficial to catalytic performance. Moreover, the superior redox properties with weaken M-0 bonds of Ce-O-Fe species thereby promote the ketonization activity. On the other hand, the higher Fe addition (x > 0.3) caused the damage of the Ce-O-Fe structure, thus reducing ketonization activity. Notably, the investigation of the reaction temperature regime of Ce0.8Fe0.O2-delta sample directly proved the existence of surface redox cycle during the ketonization process. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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