Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
Volume 27, Issue 4, Pages 220-227Publisher
HOGREFE & HUBER PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000076
Keywords
time perspective; ZTPI; S-ZTPI; temporal orientation; temporal cognitive frames
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In this study, we developed and evaluated a Swedish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999). The original version of the ZTPI was extended by including a Future Negative scale, and the psychometric properties of both versions were examined in a sample of 419 adults aged between 18 and 80 years. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided support both for the original five-factor solution proposed by Zimbardo and Boyd (1999) in a Swedish sample and for a six-factor solution with the Future Negative scale as an independent factor. These findings extend the original ZTPI and suggest that negative feelings about the future constitute a central dimension of the temporal perspective. The Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) provides a reliable and valid instrument for measuring time perspective in the context of Swedish research and to be beneficial in its application in multiple areas of psychology and related disciplines.
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