Technology-Enhanced Classroom Activity Breaks Impacting Children's Physical Activity and Fitness

Background: This study examined the effects of a 4-week technology-enhanced physical activity (PA) interventions on students' real-time daily PA and aerobic fitness levels. Methods: 116 fifth-graders were assigned to one intervention group (n = 31) participating in daily physical activity engaging the brain with Fitbit Challenge (PAEB-C), another intervention group (n = 29) wearing Fitbits only (Fitbit-O) daily, five days per week, or the comparison group (h = 56). Four-week real-time PA data were collected from the intervention students via Fitbase. Three groups were pre-and post-tested aerobic fitness. Results: The PAEB-C students showed significantly higher steps and minutes of being very active and fairly active (F = 7.999, p = 0.014, eta = 0.121; F = 5.667, p = 0.021, eta = 0.089; F = 10.572, p = 0.002, eta = 0.154) and lower minutes of being sedentary daily (F = 4.639, p = 0.035, eta = 0.074) than the Fitbit-O group. Both Fitbit groups exhibited significantly greater increases in aerobic fitness scores than the comparison group over time (F = 21.946, p = 0.001, h = 0.303). Boys were more physically active and fit than girls. Conclusions: Technology-enhanced PA intervention was effective for improving real-time PA and aerobic fitness.