Journal
EBIOMEDICINE
Volume 34, Issue -, Pages 165-170Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.007
Keywords
Developmental dyslexia; Gender difference; CNTNAP2
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81673194]
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Background: It is well known that males have a higher prevalence of developmental dyslexia (DD) than females. Although the mechanism underlying this gender difference remains unknown, the contactin-associated protein like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene, which shows sex-specific patterns in some neuroclevelopmental disorders, has attracted extensive attention. This study aimed to explore whether CNTNAP2 shows a sex-specific association with DD in a Chinese population. Methods: Using genomic DNA samples of 726 students [372 cases (282 male, 90 female), 354 controls (267 male, 87 female)], we genotyped five SNPs of CNTNAP2. Gender-stratified logistic regression models were used to determine the relationships between the CNTNAP2 variants and DD. Findings: After adjustment for the false discovery rate (FDR), two SNPs (rs3779031, rs987456) of CNTNAP2 were associated with DD risk in females but not in males. Female participants carrying the rs3779031 G allele had a lower risk of DD than those with the A genotype [GG vs AA: OR (95%C1) = 0.281 (0.097-0.814)]. The rs987456 CC genotype was associated with a decreased risk of DD in females [CC vs AA CA: OR (95%C1) = 0.222 (0.078-0.628)]. Furthermore, the interaction between CNTNAP2 (rs987456) and environmental factors (scheduled reading time) played a protective role in females [OR (95%0) = 0.431 (0.188-0.987)]. Interpretation: We performed a genetic association study on CNTNAP2 variants and DD. The sex specificity of CNTNAP2 in DD, along with the gene-environment interaction may help us to understand gender differences in DD. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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