Journal
ACS SENSORS
Volume 3, Issue 7, Pages 1264-1270Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00269
Keywords
malaria; hemozoin; biosensors; portable diagnostics; label-free detection
Funding
- Alfred E. Mann Innovation in Engineering Doctoral Fellowship, Office of Naval Research [N00014-17-2270, N00014-1S-1-2703]
- Health, Technology, and Engineering (HTE) program
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Despite significant success in therapeutic development, malaria remains a widespread and deadly infectious disease in the developing world. Given the nearly 100% efficacy of current malaria therapeutics, the primary barrier to eradication is lack of early diagnosis of the infected population. However, there are multiple strains of malaria. Although significant efforts and resources have been invested in developing antibody-based diagnostic methods for Plasmodium falciparum, a rapid and easy to use screening method capable of detecting all malaria strains has not been realized. Yet, until the entire malaria-infected population receives treatment, the disease will continue to impact society. Here, we report the development of a portable, magneto-optic technology for early stage malaria diagnosis based on the detection of the malaria pigment, hemozoin. Using beta-hematin, a hemozoin mimic, we demonstrate detection limits of <0.0081 mu g/mL in 500 mu L of whole rabbit blood with no additional reagents required. This level corresponds to <26 parasites/mu L, a full order of magnitude below clinical relevance and comparable to or less than existing technologies.
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