Journal
BASAL GANGLIA
Volume 1, Issue 4, Pages 179-189Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.baga.2011.09.001
Keywords
Centromedian; Parafascicular; Set shifting; Striatum; Learning; Cholinergic interneuron
Categories
Funding
- NIH [R01NS062876, P50NS071669]
- NIH/NCRR [RR-00165]
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The striatum receives glutamatergic inputs from two main thalamostriatal systems that originate either from the centromedian/parafascicular complex (CM/PF-striatal system) or the rostral intralaminar, midline, associative and relay thalamic nuclei (non-CM/PF-striatal system). These dual thalamostriatal systems display striking differences in their anatomical and, most likely, functional organization. The CM/PF-striatal system is topographically organized, and integrated within functionally segregated basal ganglia-thalamostriatal circuits that process sensorimotor, associative and limbic information. CM/PF neurons are highly responsive to attention-related sensory stimuli, suggesting that the CM/PF-striatal system, through its strong connections with cholinergic interneurons, may play a role in basal ganglia-mediated learning, behavioral switching and reinforcement. In light of evidence for prominent CM/PF neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease, we propose that the significant CM-striatal system degeneration, combined with the severe nigrostriatal dopamine loss in sensorimotor striatal regions, may alter normal automatic actions, and shift the processing of basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor programs towards goal-directed behaviors. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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