Journal
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
Volume 7, Issue 6, Pages 840-849Publisher
BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD
DOI: 10.1530/EC-18-0144
Keywords
blood pressure; insulin resistance; serum lipids; vitamin D
Categories
Funding
- North Norway Regional Health Authorities [6856/SFP1029-12]
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway
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Objective: Low serum 25(OH) D levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and some of its risk factors. However, in interventional studies, the effects of vitamin D supplementation have been uncertain, possibly due to inclusion of vitamin D-sufficient subjects. Our aim was therefore to examine effects of vitamin D supplementation on CVD risk factors in vitamin D-insufficient subjects. Design: Double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Methods: A 4-month interventional study with high-dose vitamin D (100,000 IU loading dose, followed by 20,000 IU/week) or placebo with measurements of blood pressure, lipids (total-, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A1 and B), and glucose metabolism parameters (blood glucose, HbA1c, serum human receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), insulin, C-peptide and HOMA-IR). Results: A total of 422 subjects with mean serum 25(OH) D level 34 nmol/L were included, with 411 subjects completing the study. Serum 25(OH) D levels increased with 56 nmol/L and decreased with 4 nmol/L in the vitamin D and placebo group, respectively. We found no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any of the measured CVD risk factors, except for a minor increase in sRAGE in the vitamin D group. Stratified analyses of subjects with low baseline serum 25(OH) D levels alone, or combined with blood pressure, lipid and HOMA-IR values above the median for the cohort, did not skew the results in favour of vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: Supplementation with vitamin D in subjects with baseline vitamin D insufficiency does not improve CVD risk factor profile.
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