A Method to Reduce Forming Voltage Without Degrading Device Performance in Hafnium Oxide-Based 1T1R Resistive Random Access Memory

In this paper, we discover an operation method that can effectively decrease the forming voltage in resistance random access memory (RRAM). Forming voltage can be reduced by either increasing the rising time of the forming-waveform or by increasing the temperature in the forming process. However, the resulting electronic RRAM characteristics after each of these methods differ. While increasing the rising time causes greater damage to the switching layer due to longer accumulation of charge, increasing temperature in the forming process does not. The high temperature-formed RRAM excels in retention and endurance tests, proving an effective means to decrease forming voltage.