Journal
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 174-180Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0963721411408772
Keywords
cognitive aging; executive control; inhibition; speed of processing
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG016201] Funding Source: Medline
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I report a series of meta-analyses on aging and executive control. A first set of analyses failed to find evidence for specific age-related deficits in tasks of selective attention (inhibition of return, negative priming, flanker, and Stroop) or tasks tapping local task-shifting costs (reading with distractors is an exception) but found evidence for specific age-related deficits in tasks of divided attention (dual tasking and global task-shifting costs). The second set examined whether executive control explained any age-related variance in complex cognition (episodic memory, reasoning, spatial abilities) over and beyond the effects of speed and working memory; it did not. Thus, the purported decline in executive control with advancing age is clearly not general, and it may ultimately play only a small role in explaining age-related deficits in complex cognition.
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