Journal
IEEE ACCESS
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 15297-15310Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2814568
Keywords
DCNNs; dense conditional random field (CRF); semantic image segmentation; superpixel segmentation
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Funding
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M592763]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [JB161006, JB161001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61401324, 61305109]
- Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China [2016JQ6076]
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Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been driving significant advances in semantic image segmentation due to their powerful feature representation for recognition. However, their performance in preserving object boundaries is still not satisfactory. Visual mechanism theory indicates that image segmentation tasks require not only recognition, like DCNNs, but also local visual attention capability. Considering that superpixel is good at grasping detailed local structure, we propose a probabilistic superpixel-based dense conditional random field model (PSP-CRF) to refine label assignments as a post-processing optimization method. First, the well-known fully convolutional networks (FCN) and Deeplab-ResNet are employed to produce coarse prediction probabilistic maps at each pixel. Second, we construct a fully connected CRF model based on the PSP generated by the simple linear iterative clustering algorithm. In our approach, an effective refining algorithm with entropy is developed to convert the pixel-level appearance and position features to the normalized PSP, which works well for CRF. Third, our method optimizes the PSP-CRF to obtain the final label assignment results by employing a highly efficient mean field inference algorithm and some quadratic programming relaxation related algorithms. The experiments on the PASCAL VOC segmentation dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods which can improve the segmentation performance of DCNNs to 82% in mIoU while increasing the computational efficiency by 47%.
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