Journal
MOLECULAR SYNDROMOLOGY
Volume 3, Issue 5, Pages 204-214Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000343487
Keywords
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; Medical genetics; Next-generation sequencing
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Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Gebert Ruf Stiftung
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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of the peripheral nervous system, mainly characterized by distal muscle weakness and atrophy leading to motor handicap. With an estimated prevalence of 1 in 2,500, this condition is one of the most commonly inherited neurological disorders. Mutations in more than 30 genes affecting glial and/or neuronal functions have been associated with different forms of CMT leading to a substantial improvement in diagnostics of the disease and in the understanding of implicated pathophysiological mechanisms. However, recent data from systematic genetic screening performed in large cohorts of CMT patients indicated that molecular diagnosis could be established only in similar to 50-70% of them, suggesting that additional genes are involved in this disease. In addition to providing an overview of genetic and functional data concerning various CMT forms, this review focuses on recent data generated through the use of highly parallel genetic technologies (SNP chips, sequence capture and next-generation DNA sequencing) in CMT families, and the current and future impact of these technologies on gene discovery and diagnostics of CMTs. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
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