Journal
GUT MICROBES
Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 279-288Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/gmic.19625
Keywords
gut microbiota; LPS; metabolic endotoxemia; gut permeability; GLP-1; GLP-2; endocannabinoid; adipose tissue; liver; RYGB
Categories
Funding
- FSR (fonds speciaux de recherche)
- FRSM (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Medicale) [3.4579.11]
- UCL (Universite catholique de Louvain)
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Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations related to glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular risk factors. These metabolic alterations are associated with lowgrade inflammation that contributes to the onset of these diseases. We and others have provided evidence that gut microbiota participates in whole-body metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Recently, we defined gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (and metabolic endotoxemia) as a factor involved in the onset and progression of inflammation and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms involved in the development of metabolic endotoxemia such as the gut permeability. We also discuss our latest discoveries demonstrating a link between the gut microbiota, endocannabinoid system tone, leptin resistance, gut peptides (glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2) and metabolic features. Finally, we will introduce the role of the gut microbiota in specific dietary treatments (prebiotics and probiotics) and surgical interventions (gastric bypass).
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