Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 45, Issue -, Pages 439-447Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.01.024
Keywords
Anion-exchange reaction; Ternary metal sulfides; Hierarchically porous structures; Nanotubes; Energy storage
Categories
Funding
- PAPD [50831004]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [021314380073]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11374136, 51771090]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20161396, BK20131198]
- Science and Technology Support Plan of Jiangsu Province [BE2014039, BE2014087]
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control [KHK1711]
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We report a significant advance in the design and fabrication of MCo2S4 (M = Ni, Fe, Zn) complex hierarchical structures with well-defined morphologies by achieving novel hierarchically porous hexagonal microsheets constructed by well-interwoven nanotube networks using a controllable two-step anion-exchange technique. Uniform and smooth hexagonal sheets are initially achieved for the first anion-exchange leading to nanowire-woven hexagons, followed by transformation of each nanowire to rough MCo2S4 nanotube via the second anion-exchange. The involved mechanism of this general top-down method allowing fine nanostructure control is clarified based on our proposed new insights into ion-induced anisotropic growth and time-dependent anionexchange reaction kinetics. The merits of both maximized porosity and low resistance facilitate fast electron transfer/ion diffusion, thus NiCo2S4 electrode material exhibits a higher specific capacitance of 1780 F g(-1) and superior rate capability than most reported NiCo2S4 nanostructures with different morphologies as well as excellent stability (92.4% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 10 A g(-1)). Furthermore, an asymmetric solidstate supercapacitor using such NiCo2S4 as positive and N-doped graphene film as negative electrodes achieves outstanding cycle ability (92.1% retention over 5000 cycles at 20 A g(-1)) and higher energy density of 67.2 W h kg(-1) (at 900 W kg(-1)) than that of similar devices. Such MCo2S4 electrode materials are promising for the future generation of high performance supercapacitors.
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