Journal
LEGAL MEDICINE
Volume 32, Issue -, Pages 98-103Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.03.009
Keywords
Noninvasive prenatal paternity testing; Cell-free fetal DNA; DNA isolation; Short tandem repeat; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Forensic genetics
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31671468]
- Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2016ZRA01062]
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Invasive prenatal paternity tests can result in miscarriage and congenital malformations; therefore, a non-invasive method of testing is preferable. However, little progress could be made in this field until the introduction of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in 2009. In this review, two aspects regarding the history and development of non-invasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPAT) are summarized: (1) extraction and enrichment of cffDNA and (2) genetic marker-based studies. Although column-based kits are used widely for NIPAT, some researchers have suggested that an automated method, such as magnetic extraction, generally has a higher cffDNA yield than that of manual column-based extraction; therefore, its popularity might increase in the near future. In addition, size and methylation-based enrichment methods are expected to perform better than formaldehyde-based methods. On the other hand, single nucleotide polymorphism-based techniques have contributed to NIPAT, whereas the application of short tandem repeat testing has so far been restricted to pregnant women bearing male fetuses only. Additional methods and techniques are expected to be innovated to facilitate the forensic practice of NIPAT.
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