Journal
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 89-100Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nri3141
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Funding
- Royal Society [Uf090321]
- US National Institutes of Health [R01 GM069594-07]
- National Science Foundation [IOS-0929226, IOS-0744602]
- Royal Society [UF090321] Funding Source: Royal Society
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [0744602] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [929226] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Vertebrates have evolved a sophisticated adaptive immune system that relies on an almost infinite diversity of antigen receptors that are clonally expressed by specialized immune cells that roam the circulatory system. These immune cells provide vertebrates with extraordinary antigen-specific immune capacity and memory, while minimizing self-reactivity. Plants, however, lack specialized mobile immune cells. Instead, every plant cell is thought to be capable of launching an effective immune response. So how do plants achieve specific, self-tolerant immunity and establish immune memory? Recent developments point towards a multilayered plant innate immune system comprised of self-surveillance, systemic signalling and chromosomal changes that together establish effective immunity.
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