Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages 1281-1288Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2018.2846665
Keywords
Electroluminescence (EL); metrology; performance evaluation; photovoltaic (PV) modules; potential-induced degradation (PID); solar cells
Funding
- National University of Singapore
- National Research Foundation of Singapore through Singapore Economic Development Board
- National High-Tech R&D Program of China (863 Program) [2015AA050302]
- China Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20151192]
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An empirical method for estimating relative power losses caused by potential-induced degradation (PID) for p-type solar cells and modules using quantitative electroluminescence (EL) analysis (QELA) is presented. First, EL images are corrected for camera-and perspective distortion. The relative power loss map is then calculated from the logarithmic ratio of two EL images, taken either before and after PID degradation or at different applied currents. Only the cell average of the resulting power loss map is evaluated. The highest power loss across each string is averaged to obtain the overall power loss. Consequently, for modules with three strings, three cells are averaged. The resulting power loss depends on the current applied. The conversion to equivalent irradiance allows for comparison of measured and estimated device performance. The analysis of roughly 2000 EL images and related current-voltage (I-V) curves indicates a good agreement between flash-test-measured and performance estimated using QELA. A relative root mean square error of 1-3% can be achieved.
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