Journal
HAEMATOLOGICA
Volume 103, Issue 11, Pages 1881-1888Publisher
FERRATA STORTI FOUNDATION
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.192526
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Juan de la Cierva de Incorporacion grant [IJCI-2014-20900]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness - Carlos III Institute of Health - FEDER funds/European Regional Develpment Fund (ERDF) [PI17/01280, PI11/01810, PI14/01219, PI11/02213, PI09/1662, PI15/00966, RCESP C03/09, RTICESP C03/10, RTIC RD06/0020/0095, RD12/0036/0056, Rio Hortega CM13/00232, SV-09-CLINIC-1]
- FEDER funds/European Regional Develpment Fund (ERDF) - a way to build Europe [Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red: Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP))]
- Agencia de Gestio d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca AGAUR [2017SGR1085, 2014SGR756]
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) through the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [PMP15/00007]
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red: Oncologia (CIBERONC)
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Diet is a modifiable risk factor for several neoplasms but evidence for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is sparse. Previous studies examining the association between single-food items and CLL risk have yielded mixed results, while few studies have been conducted on overall diet, reporting inconclusive findings. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to three dietary patterns and CLL in the multicase-control study (MCC-Spain) study. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, medical and dietary information was collected for 369 CLL cases and 1605 controls. Three validated dietary patterns, Western, Prudent and Mediterranean, were reconstructed in the MCC Spain data. The association between adherence to each dietary pattern and CLL was assessed, overall and by Rai stage, using mixed logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. High adherence to a Western dietary pattern (i.e. high intake of high-fat dairy products, processed meat, refined grains, sweets, caloric drinks, and convenience food) was associated with CLL [ORQ4 vs. 01=1.63 (95%CI 1.11; 2.39); P-trend=0.02; OR 1-SD increase=1.19 (95%Cl: 1.03; 1.37)], independently of Rai stages. No differences in the association were observed according to sex, Body Mass Index, energy intake, tobacco, physical activity, working on a farm, or family history of hematologic malignancies. No associations were observed for Mediterranean and Prudent dietary patterns and CLL. This study provides the first evidence for an association between a Western dietary pattern and CLL, suggesting that a proportion of CLL cases could be prevented by modifying dietary habits. Further research, especially with a prospective design, is warranted to confirm these findings.
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