Journal
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
Volume 2018, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
HINDAWI LTD
DOI: 10.1155/2018/9192104
Keywords
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Funding
- Lin He's New Medicine and Clinical Translation Academician Workstation Research Fund [17331208]
- Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau Programs [H2015006]
- Programs of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang [2015ZB077, 2018ZB080]
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Studies employing mouse transplantation have illustrated the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) defining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Besides being a molecular marker, ALDH mediates drug resistance in AML, which induces poor prognosis of the patients. In AML patients, either CD34(+) ALDH(br) population or CD34(+) CD38(-) ALDH(int) population was found to denote LSCs and minimal residual disease (MRD). A bunch of reagents targeting ALDH directly or indirectly have been evaluated. ATRA, disulfiram, and dimethyl ampal thiolester (DIMATE) are all shown to be potential candidates to open new perspective for AML treatment. However, inconsistent results have been shown for markers of LSCs, which makes it even more difficult to differentiate LSCs and HSCs. In this review, we elevated the role of ALDH to be a potential marker to define and distinguish HSCs and LSCs and its importance in prognosis and target therapy in AML patients. In addition to immunophenotypical markers, ALDH is also functionally active in defining and distinguishing HSCs and LSCs and offers intracellular protections against cytotoxic drugs. Targeting ALDH may be a potential strategy to improve AML treatment. Additional studies concerning specific targeting ALDH and mechanisms of its roles in LSCs are warranted.
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