Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Volume 118, Issue 4, Pages 555-567Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.07.005
Keywords
Pancreatic cancer; Obesity; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Prevention; Review
Categories
Funding
- National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health [U01DK108300, U01DK108314, U01DK108323, U01DK108326, U01DK108327, P01CA163200, P01DK098108, R01CA075059]
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [U01DK108300, U01DK108314, U01DK108323, U01DK108326, U01DK108327, P01CA163200, P01DK098108, R01CA075059]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA075059, P01CA163200] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [U01DK108300, U01DK108323, U01DK108326, P01DK098108, U01DK108327, U01DK108314] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM [R01AA019954] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest types of cancer. The worldwide estimates of its incidence and mortality in the general population are eight cases per 100,000 person-years and seven deaths per 100,000 person-years, and they are significantly higher in the United States than in the rest of the world. The incidence of this disease in the United States is more than 50,000 new cases in 2017. Indeed, total deaths due to PDAC are projected to increase dramatically to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths before 2030. Considering the failure to date to efficiently treat existing PDAC, increased effort should be undertaken to prevent this disease. A better understanding of the risk factors leading to PDAC development is of utmost importance to identify and formulate preventive strategies. Large epidemiologic and cohort studies have identified risk factors for the development of PDAC, including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the current knowledge of obesity and type 2 diabetes as risk factors for PDAC development and progression, their interplay and underlying mechanisms, and the relation to diet. Research gaps and opportunities to address this deadly disease are also outlined.
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