Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 8, Issue 39, Pages 21786-21792Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03732a
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21772157, 21572181, 21174113, 2016SF-029]
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A highly efficient synthetic pathway for hypericin (7a) was achieved under mild conditions with an overall yield over two steps of 92% using emodinanthrone as a starting material, where protohypericin, a key precursor of hypericin, was synthesized in water with microwave assistance, which was then photocyclized to hypericin with a high yield via 1 h irradiation in a visible light reactor equipped with 575 nm monochromatic lamps. In addition, the method could be used to synthesize hypericin derivatives (7b-d) with similar overall yields. Furthermore, their effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) were evaluated on A431, HepG-2, and MCF-7 cell lines. The PDT of 7b was better than that of 7a, whereas 7c and 7d were worse. Unlike other cell lines, MCF-7 was not sensitive to any of 7a-d at the same concentrations.
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