Effect of anakinra, an interleukin one beta antagonist, on oxidative testicular damage induced in rats with ischemia reperfusion

Background: It has been reported in the literature that proinflammatory interleukin-1 beta (IL-1(3) is increased in cases of testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. This information suggests that anakinra, an IL-1p antagonist, may be effective in testicular I/R damage. Objective: In our study, we investigated the effect of anakinra on testicular I /R damage induced in rats with torsion/detorsion. Methods: The 50 mg/kg anakinra + testicular torsion/detorsion (KTD-50) and 100 mg/kg anakinra + testicular torsion/detorsion (KTD-100) groups received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of anakinra, respectively. In turn, the testicular torsion/detorsion (TTD) and sham operation (SOG) groups received a single dose of distilled water as a solvent 1 h before ketamine anaesthesia. After the testes of the TTD, KTD-50 and KTD-100 groups were subjected to torsion and detorsion for 4 h each, the rats were killed with a high dose anaesthesia, and their testicles were removed and evaluated through biochemical, gene expression and histopathological examinations. The results were evaluated in comparison with those of the SOG group. Results: The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and IL-10 showed significant increases in the TTD group, which underwent torsion/detorsion, compared to the KTD-50, KTD-100 and SOG groups. Conversely, the levels of glutathione (tGSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) were found to be significantly higher in the KTD-50, KTD-100 and SOG groups than in the TTD group. Conclusion: Anakinra at a 100 mg/kg dose histologically suppressed better oxidative stress and tunica albuginea, germ cell, seminiferous tubule and interstitial damage in the testicular tissue compared to a 50 mg/kg dose. Experimental results indicate that anakinra might be beneficial in the attenuation of testicular I/R damage. (C) 2017 Asociacion Espanola de Andrologia, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.