Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu10030288
Keywords
glutamine; inflammatory bowel disease; DSS; MKP-1; cPLA(2)
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Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education [2016R1D1A3B03934457]
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the small intestine and colon. Many investigators have reported that L-glutamine (Gln) therapy improves outcomes of experimental colitis models, although the mechanism is not fully understood. Regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of Gln, we have shown that Gln can effectively deactivate cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) by rapid induction of MAPK phosphatase (MKP)-1. In this study, we explore the possibility that Gln ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis via MKP-1 induction, resulting in inhibition of cPLA(2), which has been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Oral Gln intake attenuated DSS-induced colitis. Gln inhibited cPLA(2) phosphorylation, as well as colonic levels of TNF-alpha and leukotriene (LT)B-4. Gln administration resulted in early and enhanced MKP-1 induction. Importantly, MKP-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), but not control siRNA, significantly abrogated the Gln-mediated (1) induction of MKP-1; (2) attenuation of colitis (colon length, histological abnormality, and inflammation; and (3) inhibition of cPLA(2) phosphorylation and colonic levels of TNF-alpha and LTB4. These data indicated that Gln ameliorated DSS-induced colitis via MKP-1 induction.
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