Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
Volume 30, Issue 4, Pages 1691-1702Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TEC.2015.2460262
Keywords
Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG); inertial dynamics; motion equation; phase-locked loop (PLL); virtual synchronous; wind turbine (WT)
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB215100]
- National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars [51322704]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51190104]
- Science and Technology Program of State Grid Corporation of China: Techniques and Applications of Static Synchronous Generator (SSG)
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This paper is to investigate the inertial dynamics of virtual-synchronous-controlled (VSynC) doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbines (WTs). VSynC, different from the conventional synchronization method based on phase-locked-loop (PLL) synchronizing technique, makes DFIG-based WT synchronize with power grid via the active power control (APC), and thus provide the desired inertial support to power grid. Further, an effective approach for describing the inertial dynamics of DFIG-based WT with VSynC is proposed by establishing the WT's electromechanical motion equation. The approach synthetically considers the impacts of the WT's different controller parameters, operating points, and, in particular, the variations of mechanical power caused by the rotational speed or pitch angle changes during the inertial response period. It also makes the essential of DFIG-based WT's inertia clearer, which, as a matter of fact, is controllable and manifests frequency-dependent characteristics, and noticeably differs from the fixed inertia time constant featured in synchronous generator (SG). The impacts of different controller parameters and operating points on single WT's frequency response characteristics are studied. Simulated results also validate the superiority of VSynC on inertial support capability and operation stability to the typical PLL-based vector control (VC), especially for weak grid conditions. Finally, the frequency response on wind power plant (WPP) level is initially explored and further research to improve VSynC is discussed.
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