Journal
CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-018-0887-x
Keywords
Resilience; Stress; Trauma; Neurobiology; Intervention
Categories
Funding
- US Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Center for Advancing Translational Science [UL1RR024139]
- US Department of Veterans Affairs VISN 1 Research Office (Career Development Award)
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
- Robert E. Leet and Clara Guthrie Patterson Mentored Clinical Research Trust
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Purpose of Review This review focuses on the relationship between resilience and the ability to effectively modulate the stress response. Neurobiological and behavioral responses to stress are highly variable. Exposure to a similar stressor can lead to heterogeneous outcomes-manifesting psychopathology in one individual, but having minimal effect, or even enhancing resilience, in another. We highlight aspects of stress response modulation related to early life development and epigenetics, selected neurobiological and neurochemical systems, and a number of emotional, cognitive, psychosocial, and behavioral factors important in resilience. We also briefly discuss interventions with potential to build and promote resilience. Recent Findings Throughout this review, we include evidence from recent preclinical and clinical studies relevant to the psychobiology of resilient stress response modulation. Summary Effective modulation of the stress response is an essential component of resilience and is dependent on a complex interplay of neurobiological and behavioral factors.
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