Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05160-1
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21527801, 21231004, 21701109, 21722101]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0205100, 2016YFC130310]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB931800]
- Shanghai Sci. Tech. Comm. [15QA1400700]
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Temperature is an essential factor that counts for living systems where complicated vital activities are usually temperature dependent. In vivo temperature mapping based on non-contact optical approach will be beneficial for revealing the physiological phenomena behind with minimized influence to the organism. Herein, a highly thermal-sensitive upconversion system based on triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) mechanism is pioneered to indicate body temperature variation sensitively over the physiological temperature range. The temperature-insensitive NaYF4: Nd nanophosphors with NIR emission was incorporated into the temperature-responsive TTA-upconversion system to serve as an internal calibration unit. Consequently, a ratiometric thermometer capable of accurately monitoring the temperature changes in vivo was developed with high thermal sensitivity (similar to 7.1% K-1) and resolution (similar to 0.1K).
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