Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02307-4
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Funding
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS)
- European Commission via the project RAQUEL
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200020-135048]
- National Centre of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology
- European Research Council [258932]
- US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-16-1-0245]
- Czech Science Foundation (GA CR) [GA16-22211S]
- European Commission FP7 Project RAQUEL [323970]
- LABEX MILYON of Universite de Lyon, within the program Investissements d'Avenir [ANR-10-LABX-0070, ANR-11-IDEX-0007]
- NSF CAREER Grant [CCF-1553477]
- AFOSR YIP award
- IQIM
- NSF Physics Frontiers Center [PHY-1125565]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-12500028]
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Device-independent cryptography goes beyond conventional quantum cryptography by providing security that holds independently of the quality of the underlying physical devices. Device-independent protocols are based on the quantum phenomena of non-locality and the violation of Bell inequalities. This high level of security could so far only be established under conditions which are not achievable experimentally. Here we present a property of entropy, termed entropy accumulation, which asserts that the total amount of entropy of a large system is the sum of its parts. We use this property to prove the security of cryptographic protocols, including device-independent quantum key distribution, while achieving essentially optimal parameters. Recent experimental progress, which enabled loophole-free Bell tests, suggests that the achieved parameters are technologically accessible. Our work hence provides the theoretical groundwork for experimental demonstrations of device-independent cryptography.
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