Journal
ONCOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 9-18Publisher
SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8679
Keywords
colorectal cancer; chromosomal instability; microsatellite instability; CpG island methylator phenotype; molecular characteristics; early diagnosis; targeted therapy
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Funding
- National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) [106-YS.01-2015.12]
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) results from the progressive accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic aberrations within cells. The progression from colorectal adenoma to carcinoma is caused by three major pathways: Microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability and CpG island methylator phenotype. A growing body of scientific evidences suggests that CRC is a heterogeneous disease, and genetic characteristics of the tumors determine their prognostic outcome and response to targeted therapies. Early diagnosis and effective targeted therapies based on a current knowledge of the molecular characteristics of CRC are essential to the successful treatment of CRC. Therefore, the present review summarized the current understanding of the molecular characteristics of CRC, and discussed its implications for diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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