Journal
CHEMICAL SCIENCE
Volume 9, Issue 28, Pages 6062-6067Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01453a
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Funding
- University of Zurich
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) LightChEC
- Swiss National Science foundation (AP Energy) [PYAPP2 160586]
- Zhejiang University
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PYAPP2_160586] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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In this work, we demonstrate that buried junction photocathodes featuring an ALD TiO2 protective overlayer can be readily characterized using a variation of the dual working electrode (DWE) technique, where the second working electrode (WE2) is spatially isolated from the hydrogen-evolving active area. The measurement of the surface potential during operation enables the operando deconvolution of the photovoltaic and electrocatalytic performance of these photocathodes, by reconstructing J-V curves (reminiscent of photovoltaic J-V curves) from the 3-electrode water splitting data. Our method provides a clearer understanding of the photocathode degradation mechanism during stability tests, including loss of the catalyst from the surface, which is only possible in our isolated WE2 configuration. A pn(+)Si/TiO2 photocathode was first investigated as a well behaved model system, and then the technique was applied to an emerging material system based on Cu2O/Ga2O3, where we uncovered an intrinsic instability of the Cu2O/Ga2O3 junction (loss of photovoltage) during long term stability measurements.
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