Interventional Correction of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect and Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage Procedural Planning Using 3D Printed Models

SINUS VENOSUS ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS (SVASD) WITH PARTIAL ANOMALOUS PULMONARY VENOUS drainage (PAPVD) are conventionally treated surgically. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) (Figure 1, Online Video 1), patient-specific 3-dimensional (3D) printing (Online Appendix) and in vitro simulation with rotational x-ray computed tomography (CT) (Figure 2, Online Videos 2 and 3) were used to explore a potential interventional catheterization treatment in 3 adult patients: placement of a custom-made covered CheathamPlatinum stent in the superior vena cava to right atrium junction to close the SVASD while committing the anomalous pulmonary vein to the left atrium (Figures 3 and 4, Online Videos 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13). Detailed cross-sectional imaging (CMR or CT) allowed patient-specific 3D printing of the anatomy. Simulation of the procedure gave us confidence that the pulmonary veins would remain patent before the clinical catheterization. Using a rigorous approach to accurately assess the anatomy of the SVASD and the PAPVD, we were able to develop a safe and clinically effective interventional catheterization treatment that was successfully performed in 3 patients (Figure 5).