Factors influencing patients' treatment selection for localised prostate cancer: A systematic review

Objective: Men diagnosed with localised prostate cancer (LPCa) are usually offered a range of treatment options. Patients' beliefs about their illness and treatments have been shown to be influential in treatment selection for chronic conditions. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the role of these beliefs in influencing treatment selection in LPCa. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted in electronic journal databases and major charity, government and dissertation databases. Content experts were contacted for recommendations of studies of relevance. Results: The search yielded 10 published papers; six of which used a qualitative approach. Content analysis was performed to identify the factors frequently associated with treatment decisions. The salient beliefs influencing each of the most common treatment choices for LPCa, including the factors external to the patient that inform these beliefs, were reported. Conclusion: Patients' treatment choices are influenced by their beliefs, and the beliefs of others, regarding the disease, the effectiveness of treatment and the severity of possible side effects. The findings of this review highlight that psychosocial interventions may be necessary to challenge erroneous beliefs and ensure that patients are making informed decisions regarding their treatment. (C) 2011 British Association of Urological Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.