An Optimal Design of Fractal Antenna with Modified Ground Structure for Wideband Applications

This paper premeditates an optimal design of fractal antenna with modified ground structure for wideband applications. The proposed antenna has been designed by taking numerous iterations started from 0th to 3rd. To attain the wideband characteristics, the partial ground plane has been introduced in the 3rd iteration, and the length of the ground plane has been varied to enhance the bandwidth. The maximum value of bandwidth has been adorned in the final iteration as 1.88 and 0.20 GHz. Further, this bandwidth has been improved and embellished as 2.48 GHz within the frequency range of 3-6 GHz by employing horizontal and vertical extensions in the partial ground plane. Antenna is simulated by using HFSS and performance parameters of antenna like return loss (S11 <= -10 dB), gain and radiation efficiency are in the acceptable limits. The maximum value of gain is reported as 5.1 dB and radiation pattern is also omnidirectional. The proposed antenna is useful for the wireless applications as WiMAX (3.4-3.69 GHz) and WLAN (5.15-5.35 and 5.72-5.82 GHz) Simulated and experimental results are also juxtaposed and found in good agreement with each other.