Journal
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Volume 77, Issue -, Pages 276-286Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.04.007
Keywords
Acidification; Biogas; Life cycle assessment; Nitrogen removal; Struvite
Categories
Funding
- European Community [603744]
- Galician Competitive Research Group [GRC 2013-032]
- CRETUS Strategic Partnership [AGRUP2015/02]
- FEDER (UE)
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity [RYC-2014-14984]
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The application of livestock manure on agricultural land is being restricted due to its significant content of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), leading to eutrophication. At the same time, the growing demand for N and P mineral fertilizers is increasing their production costs and causing the depletion of natural phosphate rock deposits. In the present work, seven technologically feasible treatment schemes for energy (biogas) and nutrient recovery (e.g., struvite precipitation) and/or removal (e.g., partial nitritation/anammox) were evaluated from an environmental perspective. In general, while approaches based solely on energy recovery and use of digestate as fertilizer are commonly limited by community regulations, strategies pursuing the generation of high-quality struvite are not environmentally sound alternatives. In contrast, schemes that include further solid/liquid separation of the digestate improved the environmental profile, and their combination with an additional N-removal stage would lead to the most environmental-friendly framework. However, the preferred scenario was identified to be highly dependent on the particular conditions of each site, integrating environmental, social and economic criteria. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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