Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 521, Issue -, Pages 99-107Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.05.028
Keywords
Vaccine platform; Measles Virus; Multifunctional T cells; MERS Coronavirus; Antibody responses
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Funding
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) [TTU 01.802]
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Cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continue to occur, making it one of the WHO's targets for accelerated vaccine development. One vaccine candidate is based on live-attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccine encoding the MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein (MERS-S). MVvac2-MERS-S(H) induces robust humoral and cellular immunity against MERS-S mediating protection. Here, the induction and nature of immunity after vaccination with MVvac2-MERS-S(H) or novel MVvac2-MERS-N were further characterized. We focused on the necessity for vector replication and the nature of induced T cells, since functional CD8(+) T cells contribute importantly to clearance of MERS-CoV. While no immunity against MERS-CoV or MV was detected in MV-susceptible mice after immunization with UV-inactivated virus, replication-competent MVvac2-MERS-S(H) triggered robust neutralizing antibody titers also in adult mice. Furthermore, a significant fraction of MERS CoV-specific CD8(+) T cells and MV-specific CD4(+) T cells simultaneously expressing IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were induced, revealing that MVvac2-MERS-S(H) induces multifunctional cellular immunity.
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