4.3 Article

Prevalence and risk factors for HBV and HCV in prisoners in Iran: a national bio-behavioural surveillance survey in 2015

Journal

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
Volume 23, Issue 6, Pages 641-649

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13065

Keywords

hepatitis B virus; hepatitis C virus; prison; Iran; Prevalence; drug user

Funding

  1. Iranian CDC (Center for Communicable Diseases Control), Ministry of Health & Medical Education (MOHME)

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ObjectivesTo provide more accurate estimates of the prevalence of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) and their contributing factors among prisoners in Iran. MethodsCross-sectional study of 6200 Iranian prisoners in 2015. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. HBV infection and HCV exposure status of the participants was determined by HBsAg and HCV antibodies blood tests using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analysed in STATA-12. ResultPrevalence of HCV exposure was 9.48% (95% CI: 8.73-10.27), and prevalence of HBV was 2.48% (95% CI: 2.07-2.89) in the general prison population. In multivariate analysis, the most important risk factor for HBV was a history of drug use in lifetime (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.17-3.02). The main risk factors for HCV exposure were a history of drug use in lifetime (AOR: 4.08, CI: 2.56-6.27), age over 30 (AOR: 2.68, CI: 2.01-3.56), and having tattoos (AOR=1.67, CI: 1.35-2.07). ConclusionAlthough vaccination is used to control HBV among prisoners, prevalence of HCV exposure is alarming in the prison population of Iran, especially among people who inject drugs. Eliminating viral hepatitis in Iran by 2030 requires a national commitment and rapid measures for targeting this high-risk group. Given the increased efficiency of HCV treatment in recent years, prisons provide an opportunity to access patients for treatment. Abstract ObjectifsFournir des estimations plus precises de la prevalence de l'hepatite B (VHB) et de l'hepatite C (VHC) et de leurs facteurs contributifs chez les prisonniers en Iran. MethodesEtude transversale sur 6.200 prisonniers iraniens en 2015. Les donnees ont ete recueillies au moyen de questionnaires et d'entretiens. L'infection par le VHB et le statut d'exposition au VHC des participants ont ete determines par des tests sanguins d'anticorps HBsAg et anti-VHC utilisant l'ELISA. Les donnees ont ete analysees dans STATA-12. ResultatLa prevalence de l'exposition au VHC etait de 9,48% (IC95%: 8,73-10,27) et celle du VHB 2,48% (IC95%: 2,07-2,89) dans la population carcerale generale. Dans l'analyse multivariee, le facteur de risque le plus important pour le VHB etait un antecedent de consommation de drogues au cours de la vie (AOR: 1,8; IC95%: 1,17-3,02). Les principaux facteurs de risque d'exposition au VHC etaient des antecedents de consommation de drogues au cours de la vie (AOR: 4,08; IC: 2,56-6,27), l'age de plus de 30 ans (AOR: 2,68; IC: 2,01-3,56) et les tatouages (AOR = 1,67; IC: 1,35-2,07). ConclusionBien que la vaccination soit utilisee pour lutter contre le VHB chez les prisonniers, la prevalence de l'exposition au VHC est alarmante dans la population carcerale iranienne, en particulier chez les consommateurs de drogues injectables. L'elimination de l'hepatite virale en Iran d'ici 2030 exige un engagement national et des mesures rapides pour cibler ce groupe a haut risque. Compte tenu de l'efficacite accrue du traitement contre le VHC au cours des dernieres annees, les prisons offrent l'opportunite d'acceder aux patients pour un traitement.

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