Journal
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
Volume 65, Issue 6, Pages 1757-1769Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12949
Keywords
avian influenza viruses; clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx virus; compatibility
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0500202, 2016YFD0501602]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31602057, 31372450, 31402229]
- Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [BK20160456]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M601901]
- Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [2911601067C]
- Program of Green Yang Golden Phoenix
- High Level Talent Support Plan of Yangzhou University
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education (PAPD)
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Genetic reassortments between highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 subtype viruses with different neuraminidase (NA) subtypes have increased in prevalence since 2010 in wild birds and poultry from China. The HA gene slightly evolved from clade 2.3.4 to clade 2.3.4.4, raising the question of whether novel clade 2.3.4.4 HA broke the balance with N1 but is matched well with NAx to drive viral epidemics. To clarify the role of compatibility between HA and NA on the prevalence of H5Nx subtypes, we constructed 10 recombinant viruses in which the clade 2.3.4 or clade 2.3.4.4 HA genes were matched with different NA (N1, N2 and N8) genes and evaluated viral characteristics and pathogenicity. Combinations between clade 2.3.4 HA and N1 or between clade 2.3.4.4 HA and NAx, but not between clade 2.3.4.4 HA and N1, or between clade 2.3.4 HA and NAx, promoted viral growth, NA activity, thermostability, low-pH stability and pathogenicity in chicken and mice. These findings suggest that both clade 2.3.4 HA/N1 and clade 2.3.4.4 HA/NAx displayed a better match, which could promote the increased prevalence of clade 2.3.4 H5N1 AIV (prior to 2010) and clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx AIV (since 2010) in China, respectively.
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