Bioanalytical methods for hypochlorous acid detection: Recent advances and challenges

Hypochlorous acid (HOCI), a well-known universal disinfectant in clinical practice, plays important roles in immune systems of animal and human bodies. For understanding the roles of HOCI in living systems, a number of approaches, including chemiluminescence, colorimetric, electrochemical and chromatographic methods have been explored. For the detection of HOCI in live organisms, cutting-edge techniques, such as fluorescence/phosphorescence molecular probes, responsive nanoprobes, Raman and activatable photoacoustic sensors, have also been developed recently. In this review, the recent advances in the development of bioanalytical methods for detection of HOCI in environmental and biological specimens were summarized. More specifically, traditional techniques for assay of HOCI in bulk solution were initially discussed, and then fluorescence molecular probes, phosphorescence probes, responsive nanoprobes and other methods for HOCI detection were reviewed, which gives an overview of the developments and applications in bioanalytical methods for HOCI detection. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.